Material for Researchers on Ota Benga

The following is a list of items, some of which (those not covered by copyright, or for which copyrights have expired) may be obtained from the co-author, some of which have become particularly difficult to find, even in the specialized libraries:

To obtain prices (usually based on page copy cost and postage if mailed) please e-mail your requests and inquiries to Phillips Verner Bradford

Ota Benga:
Index of
Source Materials and Book Reviews

American Museum of Natural History

• AMNH-1 "Bankers Bones and Beetles " by Geoffrey Hellman, published by the Natural History Press, Garden City, NY for the AMNH, date uncertain, pp. 78-89 on Director, Herman Carey Bumpus; Wallace's resignation under charges of misappropriations; the incident involving Eskimos living at the museum; pp. 193-197 on Madison Grant and Fairfield Osborn.

• AMNH-2 "Ethnology and Natural History -- Defining the Differences: Frederick Starr and Herbert Lang in Central Africa " by Dr. Enid Schildkrout, Curator of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History. Paper presented at the symposium: "African Reflections ", Oct. 12-13, 1990, Linder Theater, AMNH New York.

• AMNH-3 "Samuel P. Verner, Amateur Anthropologist ", by Dr. Gordon D. Gibson, Emeritus Curator of African Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution. Paper presented at the symposium: "African Reflections ", Oct. 12-13, 1990, Linder Theater, AMNH New York. (14 pages)

• AMNH-4 "Dinosaurs In The Attic", by Douglas J. Preston, published by St. Martin's Press, 1986; a history of the AMNH, 244 pages.

Bernard Baruch

• B-1 "Baruch - My Own Story " by Bernard Baruch, published by Henry Holt & Co., New York, date uncertain, pp. 208-212. Autobiographical description of his relationships with Ryan and Guggenheim in African ventures.

• B-2 "Bernard Baruch - Portait of a Citizen " by W. L. White, Published by Greenwood Press, Westport, CT, pp. 32-35. Brief description of rubber interests.

• B-3 "Bernard M. Baruch - The Adventures of a Wall Street Legend" by James Grant, published by Simon and Schuster, New York, 1975, pp. 84-87. Describes some shady deals with Baltimore capitalists. pp. 96-101 describes the breadth and complexity of Baruch's stock transactions.

Bronx Zoo

• BZ-1 "Gathering of Animals" by William Bridges, published by Harper & Row, New York, 1974. An Unconventional History of the New York Zoological Society. pp. 222-231 recounts the story of Ota Benga in the Zoo.

• BZ-2 "Animal and Man in the New York Zoological Park" by Helen L. Horowitz, Chapter in New York History, Vol. 56, 1975, pp. 426-455. Descriptions of Hornaday, Osborn, Grant, and other founders of the Bronx Zoo and their politics. How it evolved from the Boone and Crockett Club.

• BZ-3 "An African Pigmy", Zoological Society Bulletin, Oct. 1906, published by the New York Zoological Society. Article describes Ota Benga as an acquisition of the Bronx Zoo. (2 pages -two photos of Ota Benga with "Polly" the chimpanzee)

• BZ-4 "Suicide of Ota Benga, The African Pygmy" Zoological Society Bulletin, May 1916, published by the New York Zoological Society. Article describing the news of Ota Benga's suicide in Lynchburg, VA, followed by an eulogy article by Verner (3 pages).

• BZ-5 [Letters regarding Verner's African collections]. Miscellaneous letters and telegrams between the Bronx Zoo officials, the Guardian Trust Company which had legal custody of some of Verner's animals, and Verner, discussing terms for the sale of a chimpanzee and other matters. (21 pages)

Brooklyn Howard Orphan Asylum

• H-1 "The Progressive Era in Smithtown, New York: A Study of Five Charitable Institutions." by Joan Elizabeth Harris, Nov. 28, 1988. A history of the Brooklyn Howard Orphan Asylum as it moved to Long Island. Ota Benga was a resident in it during the period. Note: this item is covered by a current copyright and cannot be copied and sent, however it is available in most major libraries:

Condola

• C-1 "Condola gets an Education " by S. P. Verner. An essay on Condola's life, from his African boyhood and education at the Tuskeegee Institute to his preaching before black church groups on African culture. Describes Kassongo's death at the Booker T. Washington speech. (11 pages)

• C-2 Article in Brevard, NC newspaper, ca 1921, regarding Condola's carreer as the "Black Socrates", written on the occasion of his visit to Brevard in about 1921 (one page).

• C-3 Letters from Condola to Verner, 1939. Regarding missionary work with the YMCA in Kansas City, MO and asking for assistance. (2 pages)

Congo

• CONGO-1 "A Voice from the Congo - Comprising Stories, Anecdotes, and Descriptive Notes " by Herbert Ward, published by William Heineman, London, 1910, pp. 87-123, Chapters: "Suliman the Slaver " and "The Tale of a Tusk of Ivory ", pp. 275-285, Chapter: "Cannibalism ". A well illustrated and highly descriptive book on the Congo in the time of Ota Benga. Ward was an artist and sculptor of great skill, whose African bronzes still grace the halls of many great museums throughout the world.

• CONGO-2 "Pioneering on the Congo " by Rev. W. Holman Bentley, in two volumes, published by Fleming H. Revell Company, New York, Chicago, Toronto, 1900, pp. 244-247. This book contains a description and drawings of Chief Ndombe.

• CONGO-3 "From Hobo to Cannibal King " by C. J. Thornhill, published by Stanley Paul & Co., Ltd., London, date uncertain. pp. 246-251. Story of uncertain veracity (only because it is so bizzarre) of an American black hobo who emigrates for a better life to South Africa and migrates northward into Central and East Central Africa, where he encounters the Fan people. After witnessing unspeakable cannibalistic atrocities he wrests control of one of their tribes and becomes their King. Presented as a true story, occuring in the 1910-1920 period.

Du Bois, W.E.B.

• DB-1 "Of the Training of Black Men" by W. E. Burghardt Du Bois, The Atlantic Monthly , Vol XC, Sept. 1902 No. DXXXIX. Article urges that education for Blacks be broader than religious education, and include liberal arts and manual training. This article, which appeared one month after Verner's article "The African Pygmies " in the same magazine (See V-7), may have been influenced by Verner in the sense that after reading Verner's article, Du Bois may have seen the need to explain that the principal difference between primitive people and civilized people was in the education available to them, not in their physical attributes. (9 pages).

Gibbons

• Gi-1 "The Life of James Cardinal Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore, 1834-1921 ", by John Tracy Ellis, Vol. II., published by the Bruce Publishing Company, Milwaukee, 1952, pp. 314-321. This describes Gibbons' involvement in framing the American Catholic Church view of morality in African affairs. He interviewed many American missionaries to Africa, including Verner, to learn of conditions there and to advise Ryan and Leopold.

• Gi-2 "Life of Cardinal Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore " , Vol. II, by Allen Sinclair Will, published by E.P. Dutton & Company, New York, 1922, pp. 950-955. Describes how he publically expressed disappointment in Leopold's policies toward Africa in 1906.

Guggenheim

• Gu-1 "The Guggenheims - An American Epic ", by John H. Davis, published by William Morrow and Company, Inc., 1978, pp. 110-113. Describes the "Guggenryan" expansion into Angola and Congo. Describes the meeting between Daniel Guggenheim and T. F. Ryan at Ryan's 5th Ave. mansion, whereupon the Formini¦re, American Congo Company, and the Intercontinental Rubber Company were formed. Good character descriptions and photographs of Daniel Guggenheim and his wife, Florence Guggenheim. Guggenheim family portraits and genealogical chart.

• Gu-2 "The Guggenheims -The Making of an American Dynasty " by Harvey O'Connor, published by COVICI-FRIEDE, New York, date uncertain, copied from volume in Columbia University Library, pp. 178-183 and 350-355. Detailed descriptions of the financial relationships between Guggenheims, Ryan, Leopold, and Baruch in their Congo exploits.

Leopold II

• L-1 "La Formini¦re" a history of the Belgian Company which operated the sovereign Congo Free State owned by King Leopold, II. With an introduction by Comte E. Carton de Wiart, Secretary to King Leopold. Pages 9-125 in French, Chapter 4 on the "Birth of the Formini¦re " translated into English. Published in Belgium, circa 1938. Selected portions copied from an original owned by a descendant (grandson) of Thomas Fortune Ryan.

• L-2 "Leopold II of the Belgians - King of Colonialism " by Barbara Emerson, published by Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1979. Chapters 25 and 26. Concerning the takeover from Leopold of the Congo by the Belgian Parliament and the atrocities that were committed under Leopold's negligence.

• L-3 "Leopold the Unloved - King of the Belgians and of Wealth " by Ludwig Bauer, Published by Little Brown and Co., Boston, 1935. Chapter 11: "The Congo Bible ", and Chapter 12: "Red Rubber " describes atrocious conditions in the Congo under Leopold's rule.

• L-4 "My Own Affairs " by the Princess Louise of Belgium, published by Cassell and Company, London, 1921, Chapter IV, "The King ". A description of King Leopold, II, by his daughter.

• L-5 "The Story of the Congo Free State " by Henry Wellington Wack, F.R.G.S., published by G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York and London - The Knickerbocker Press. Descriptions of Congo before and after Leopold's stewardship. This book was a product of Leopold's attempts to spin public opinion toward the notion that despite many atrocities, his involvement did more good than harm.

Missing Link

• ML-1 "Dart, Taung and the 'Missing Link' " by Phillip V. Tobias, published by the Witwatersrand University Press for the Institute for the Study of Man in Africa, 1984. pp. 22-49. An essay on the life an work of Prof. Raymond Dart based on a tribute to him on his 90th birthday. Dart was noted for comparing the bones of primates. He compared and dated bones of baboons, modern anthropoid apes, and humans with those of their distant ancestors to search for the missing link. This book contain a good description of the many mysteries of man's evolution as seen from the prospective of a field scientist during the period, 1910-1980. Dart believed that the "Taung skull", he discovered in 1925, was that of a missing link.

• ML-2 "Human Evolution ", edited by M.H. Day, Volume XI of the Proceedings of the Symposia of the Society for the Study of Human Biology, published by Taylor & Francis, Ltd., London, 1973. pp. 104-107. Study showing frontal and lateral views of human, pigmy, australopithicine, and chimpanzee pelvic bones. The article suggests (but does not positively assert) that the pigmy pelvis is closer to the australopithicine and therefore implies that pigmies may be more directly descended from and more closely related to the australopithicine than are modern humans which have evolved to larger sizes.

• Ml-3 "Documents on the Tueki People and the finding of Ota Benga from the S.P. Verner Collection at the Caroliniana Library of the University of South Carolina, Columbia, S.C. " Transcribed and edited by P. V. Bradford, unpublished. This letters show that Verner either believed that there may be a missing link still living in Africa in 1900 or that it was necessary to mention the possibility in order to obtain financial backing for African exploration. (20 pages)

New York

• NYP-1 Selected clippings from New York newspapers in 1906 regarding Ota Benga at the Bronx Zoo. Many of these are included in the Appendix to the Book: "Ota Benga , The Pygmy in the Zoo" (38-pages).

St. Louis

• SLP-1 Selected clippings from St. Louis newspapers in 1904 regarding Ota Benga at the St. Louis Exposition of 1904. Many of these are included in the Appendix to the Book: "Ota Benga , The Pygmy in the Zoo" (100 + pages)

• SLP-2 "The Universal Exposition of 1904 ", by David R. Francis, published by the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company, 1913, pp. 522-558, on the ethnological exhibits.

• SLP-3 "History of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition " , Chapter XXI, pp. 673-685. Includes picture of Geronimo and American Indian Exhibits.

• SLP-4 "Sections of Anthropometry and Psychometry " Official research reports on the measurements of native peoples at the St. Louis Exposition of 1904. (100 + pages, legal size)

Sheppard

• S-1 "Pioneers in Congo ", by William H. Sheppard, published after 1921 by the Pentecoastal Publishing Company, Louisville, KY. 157 pages, 11 Chapters, well illustrated. This book covers the first three (1890-1893) of 20 years that Sheppard spent in Africa. It describes his life as a Missionary for the Southern Presbyterian Church, and his many adventures along African rivers and through African forests into native villages. In this book, Sheppard describes the Bakuba, for which he was the first contact with western civilization, and for which he was awarded the distinction of becoming a Fellow of the Royal Geographic Society. This book is one of the most credible extant documents authenticating the practice of cannibalism by the Zappo-Zap tribesmen.

• S-2 "Light in Darkest Africa ", by Rev. Wiliam H. Sheppard, F.R.G.S., Article in "Southern Workman" a magazine of the Southern Presbyterian Church, April 1905, pp 218-227. Based on addresses given at Hampton College in February,1905, this illustrated article describes the cannibalism and other atrocities of the Zappo-Zap tribe under their leader, Malumba N'kusa.

Smithsonian

• Smith-1 "Samuel Phillips Verner in the Kasai " by Gordon Gibson, Smithsonian Institution., unpublished paper, ca. 1980. A summary of Verner as an anthropologist. (50 pages)

Starr, Frederick

• S-1 "Congo Natives, An Ethnographic Album ", by Frederick Starr, published in Chicago, 1912, probably by the University of Chicago. The Album is in the libraries of the AMNH, and the St. Louis Historical Society. pp 20-24 on the Baschilele, ans selected plates, including one of a Chichiri native, similar to Ota Benga with pointed teeth. Plate showing novel execution method, where a severed head is sprung into a basket on a tree top. (7-pages)

Tshiluba

• T-1 "Locative, Existential, and Possessive Constructions in Tshiluba ", Reference List, by Susan U. Stucky, M.A. Thesis, Univ. of Kansas, 1976. This thesis is quite long and this international reference list probably contains one of the most comprehensive sources showing where to get scholarly information on the language in which Ota Benga was able to communicate. (5-pages)

• T-2 [Letters to Ota Benga], phonetically written in Tshiluba by Verner to Ota Benga while in the care of H. C. Bumpus the AMNH and W. T. Hornaday at the Bronx Zoo. with translations into English (17 pages). See also V-3., "Mukanda Wa Chiluba ".

Verner, Samuel Phillips

• V-1 "The Autobiography of Samuel Phillips Verner ", unpublished, typewritten by his son, John B. Verner, by oral transcription in the late 1930's. It consists of five chapters, the fifth terminated upon his death. The five chapters may be summarized as follows:
  • Chapter I "Bachelor's Retreat", - family history and birth - how Verner's ancestors emigrated from Ireland to Pennsylvania and then Southward in the wake of Indian wars through Virginia and North Carolina, acquiring slaves along the way, to South Carolina. - How Bachelor's Retreat got its name. (9 pages)

  • Chapter II "Connerross ", - the ancestral plantation - attitudes of Verner's family toward slaves - recollections of his childhood on a 1200 acre cotton plantation during reconstruction after the Civil War - the fate of the plantation. (11 pages)

  • Chapter III "Walhalla", - descriptions of the white supremacy movement during reconstruction - tales of justice as administered among negros - Copeland's hanging and burial. (11 pages)

  • Chapter IV "Dixie ", - Verner's early education - the one-room schoolhouse - Miss Amanda, Verner's teacher - the braining of the bully . (17 pages)

  • Chapter V "Chapel Hill ", - description of the college campus during a family visit - and his mother's family history and connections there. How he wandered from the "glories of the campus" into "darkey-town" and found "comfort for my bewildered little soul" in conversation with the "outcasts". (11 pages)

• V-2 "Pioneering in Central Africa ", by Samuel Phillips Verner, published 1903 by the Presbyterian Committee of Publication, Richmond, VA. 500 pages, 42 Chapters, 14 Illustrations, and 5 Maps. Kondola and Kassongo are introduced in Chapter 11. Chief Ndombe, and his son are described in Chapter 15. The cannibal massacre while white water canoeing on the Kasai River is in Chapter 18. Verner's life among the Batwa pigmies is the subject of Chapter 21. Verner's fall into the game pit is in Chapter 28. Kondola and Kassongo are lost in New York City in Chapter 38. This book covers Verner's first African trip 1895-1899.

• V-3 "Mukanda Wa Chiluba - Mikanda Wa Cinina Ne Bwalu Bwa Fidi Mukulo " by S.P. Verner, printed by Spottswodde & Co., New Street Square, London, 1899. A book written for Africans in Tschiluba language, appropriate to provide a written language for African Forest People (Pigmies). Verner had 5,000 copies of it printed at his own expense. It contains Bible stories in the form of animist fables. The only known remaining original copy is in a rare book collection, unexhibited, at the Smithsonian Institution. Verner distributed it among the natives of Central Africa upon his second trip to Africa in 1903-'04 as he was gathering pigmies, including Ota Benga, for the St. Louis Exposition.

• V-4 "Pioneer African Missionary: Samuel Phillips Verner ", by Prof. John R. Crawford, Journal of Presbyterian History, Vol. 60, No. 1, Spring, 1982, pp. 42-57. A recent article on Verner as a missionary by a history professor at Montreat College in North Carolina. It has 56 references.

• V-5 "How We Tamed the Baschilele ", by S. P. Verner. Typewritten manuscript submitted to the Brevard Daily News (Brevard, NC) for publication in the 1920's as a serial edition of African adventure stories. These stories cover the 15 month period in 1905-'06 when Verner and Ota Benga were exploring in Central Africa. It consists of numerous short chapters, covering his explorations of Bena Luidi. Most chapters are unnumbered and untitled. They are summarized as follows: [bracketed text is added.]
  • [1]. Search for the Lukenye River] - a description of African native river canoeing during a search for an uncharted river near Bena Luidi. (4 pages)

  • [2]. "The Enchanted Hippopotamus ", - tale of a successful hunt for a wily hippo, both feared and revered by the people of Bena Luidi. (4 pages)

  • [3]. "I Quit Shooting", - Verner's trusted native porter and advisor, Wembo, suggests that Verner preserve his mystique among the natives by reserving the use of his rifle only for enchanted animals. "The Baschilele must never see you miss." Wembo advised Verner. Verner entrusted Wembo with his rifle. (5 pages)

  • [4]. [Wembo shoots an elephant] - Ota Benga reports that Wembo has used Verner's rifle to shoot an elephant in violation of certain laws which apply only to white people. - Description of the ivory trade. Ota Benga reveals that he could use some gunpowder to exact revenge against a crocodile. (5 pages)

  • [5]. "Canning the Crocodile ". - Ota Benga loses his pet dog to a "Madame" crocodile and seeks revenge by blowing her up with a keg of gunpowder. The natives plan a dinner celebration featuring crocodile meat with Madame crocodile's head as the centerpiece. (4 pages)

  • [6]. [The Crocodile Dance] - Ota Benga leads the dinner dance over the "barbecued" crocodile. Many guests arrive from various tribes for the feast and celebration. - descriptions of the manners and dancing cultures of the various tribes, including the "cannibal" Baschilele. - how the pigmies dance with coordination, athletics, and in a "frenzy". Verner longs to describe it as well as O'Henry, Mark Twain, or Dumas could have, and wishes he could be a part of the dance. (5 pages)

  • [7]. [Ota Benga's Oratory] - Ota Benga follows the tradition of after dinner campfire story telling. He tells a tale about his pet dog's speed and bravery, how the dog was a Christian, and how pretty it was. He tells how Madame crocodile was in league with the devil and loved dog meat more than the Zappo-Zap, and how Verner's "bang medicine" canned the crocodile and avenged her crimes. The Bakuba guests liked Ota's tale so much that they promised him a new pet dog to replace the one he lost. (3 pages)

  • [8]. "The Congo Rubber Business ", - description of the inefficient and odious practices in the rubber collecting business, and the botanical elements underlying the source of the raw material. (4 pages)

  • [9]. [Critique and Recommendations - Rubber] - Verner offers the reader suggestions on how to improve the rubber collection industry to be more productive by labor reforms and botanical research. (5 pages)

  • [10]. [Wembo Wrestles a Wild Boar] - A wild boar disrupts Verner's rubber collection camp and Wembo takes it down in a bloody wrestling match. (4 pages)

  • [11]. [Orchids] - Verner describes and collects African Orchids. (4 pages)

  • [12]. [Wembo fools an African Buffalo] - Wembo uses a tarpaulin to distract and discourage a menacing African Buffalo. (4 pages)

  • [13]. [Lifestyles of African Traders] - Verner decribes the business of African native traders and their lifestyles. - How they adapted under the cessation of slave trade, and the items upon which they built their trade. (4 pages)

  • [14]. [Ota Benga's arrows] - Ota Benga shows Verner the botanical source of the nerve poison used on pigmy's arrows' tips. Ota decribes how sap from the Lulenga vine is boiled down to a deadly tarry substance and tells Verner how it can bring down an elephant. (4 pages)

  • [15]. [More about Bena Luidi] - Descriptions of the animals, plants and natives in the Bena Luidi area. A summation. (6 pages).

• V-6 "The Travels of Ntoka ", - unpublished manuscript by S. P. Verner, typewritten, 108 pages. Presumed true African adventure stories based on explorations by Ota Benga and Verner in Central Africa in 1905-'06. They captured a large specimen of a rare and highly poisonous African horned viper which was widely feared by men and animals. The native name for this snake is Ntoka. The story line follows a trail of adventure through which Ntoka was carried in a burlap sack tied to the center of a long pole carried by nervous porters on each end. It is filled with tales of dangerous adventures, such as an attack by a Leopard at night, etc. There are many descriptions of native villages and customs, beliefs, wars and conflicts. It contains a description of Dr. Frederick Starr, Anthropology Professor with the University of Chicago, depicted as an obese bumbler, and his ill-conceived activities. Ntoka ends up as an exhibit at the Bronx Zoo just before Ota Benga achieves the same fate. (108 pages)

• V-7 "The African Pygmies ", by Samuel Phillips Verner, The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. XC -August, 1902, p. 184. A detailed description of the Batwa Pygmies at Nbombe's village in the upper Kasai, Congo.

• V-8 "The African Pygmies ", by S. P. Verner, Popular Science Monthly, May? 1907, pp. 471-473. A shorter article but with an excellent photograph of a Batwa pygmy named Bomashulba.

• V-9 "Verner's Correspondence with the American Museum of Natural History " - a collection of letters to and from S.P. Verner from the American Museum of Natural History, compiled and transcribed by Phillips V. Bradford. These letters cover the period from 1906 through 1911. Verner sought to sell his African collection to the Museum. The Museum Director wrote how he is caring for Ota Benga, and shared his concerns over Ota's behavior. Verner tried to negotiate a price for a Chimpanzee. Verner unsuccessfully sought a job at the Museum. A bank seized Verner's collection to cover an unpaid check. (25 pages).

• V-10 [Verners' written correspondence with Ota Benga]. - a compilation of letters, written phonetically in a variant of Tschiluba by S. P. Verner to Ota Benga, while he was in the Museum and in the Bronx Zoo. Translations provided by a contemporary African scholar. There is an attempt to provide a brief dictionary of selected words. (11 pages)

• V-11 Verner's letters to Miss Elizabeth D. Putnam, President of the Putnam Museum in Davenport, Iowa, 1907. Regarding his trip to Mexico with Baruch in early 1907 and donation and sales to the Museum through W. C. Putnam. (4 pages).

• V-12 "Thomas F. Ryan as a Benefactor ... ", by Samuel Phillips Verner. An essay written upon the death of Thomas Fortune Ryan. - It describes Verner's career as a ticket clerk for the IRT Subway, in 1906, during the time that Ota Benga was in the Bronx Zoo. The essay describes how Verner caught the attention of Ryan (who owned the IRT), and other millionaires to finance his final expedition to Africa. (12 pages)

• V-13 "The White Man's Zone in Africa ", by Samuel P. Verner, unidentified magazine article (probably Harper's) in early 1907 copied from a collection at the Putnam Museum in Davenport, Iowa. Includes photos of Zappo tribesmen, native market scenes and King Ndome with the Edison cylinder recorder.(10 pages)

• V-14 [Verner Letters - 1906-'07] - miscellaneous correspondance with a news reporter and Verner's offered contract with Intercontinental Rubber Company. A map of his transatlantic voyage starting his fourth expedition (5 pages and one map)

• V-15 [Verner Letters - 1908-'09] - a compilation of letters to and from S. P. Verner after his final return from Africa. - includes a press interview at the Hotel Astor regarding his view of business affairs between King Leopold and Thomas Fortune Ryan. - includes letters seeking employment and discussions of Belgian Congo politics. (23 pages)

• V-16 [Verner Briefings - 1905-'08] - three chapters, presumed unpublished, probably intended for Harper's but held back by Ryan and other investors. These concern Verner's third and fourth expeditions to Africa, and his introduction to Panama. These are summarized as follows:
  • [1]. "The Third Expedition - Diamonds on the Chikapa - Opening the Baschilele Country - The German Spy. ", This chapter describes the discovery of a diamond mine by Verner. (6 pages)

  • [2]. " Fourth Expedition - The American Congo Company - The Mining and Forestry Company - Sleeping Sickness - Malaria - International African Affairs ", (4 pages)

  • [3]. "to the American Tropics ", - In the Republic of Panama - The Canal - The War - The German Propaganda. (2 pages, incomplete)

• V-17 [Verner Letters, Hornaday] - 1912 to William T. Hornaday, Bronx Zoo, from Panama Canal Zone regarding an invention for trapping animals. -1920 to Verner from Hornaday regarding publications and diffusion theory regarding the San Blas Indians of Panama. (5-pages)

• V-18 [Verner Letters, McGee] - 1936 letter from Verner to McGee's widow, Anita Newcombe McGee, typewritten. - written upon the death of Dr. McGee. - contains positive descriptions of McGee. - many memories of African political intrigues and St. Louis Exposition organizational politics. (10 pages)

• V-19 [Verner Letters, miscellaneous -family] - period from 1916-1940, handwritten. - personal insights on Verner's African expeditions and the effects on family members (23 pages)

• V-20 "The Samuel Phillips Verner Collection 1880-1941 ", A description of the contents of the collection at the Caroliniana Library of the University of South Carolina donated by Mrs. William F. Allston (Verner's oldest daughter). (2 pages).

Book Reviews

• BR-1. July 1, 1992: Kirkus Reviews.
• BR-2. July 27, 1992: Publishers Weekly, page 56
• BR-3. Aug., 1992: Library Journal, By H. James Birx, Canisius College.
• BR-4. Aug. 31, 1992: New York Newsday, "Ota Benga" pages 1, 44 & 45 (Centerfold) of Part II; 4 photos.; By Susan Brenna
• BR-5. Sept., 1992: Esquire, page 88; "What's So Social About Darwinism"; includes photo of Ota Benga.
• BR-6. Sept. 5, 1992: Columbus Dispatch, (Columbus Ohio), "Pygmy's sale 86 years ago a shocker"; By George Myers, Jr.
• BR-7. Sept. 6, 1992: The New York Times Book Review, page 3 "Darwinism, Barnumism and Racism" Full page article, includes photo of Ota Benga; By Russ Rymer.
• BR-8. Sept. 10, 1992: Miami Times, "Travesty Against Pygmy Examined In New Book".
• BR-9. Sept. 15, 1992: Booklist; By Donna Seaman.
• BR-10. Sept. 14, 1992: Publishers Weekly; "Rights"; By Paul Nathan.
• BR-11. Sept. 20, 1992: Los Angeles Times Book Review, "Man in a Cage"; with photo; By Roger Shattuck.
• BR-12. Sept. 22, 1992: Rocky Mountain News, Denver; "Lights, camera...", "Denver, Inc.", page 57.
• BR-13. Sept. 27, 1992: St. Louis Post Dispatch, "The Pygmy at the Fair"; By Joseph Losos.
• BR-14. Sept., 1992: University of Virginia Alumni News, pages 85-86, "Books" column, photo of pygmies at St. Louis; By Kathleen Valenzi.
• BR-15. Oct., 1992: American Heritage, pages 12-13, drawing; Feature, "The Man in the Zoo" under "The Life and Times"; By Geoffrey C. Ward.
• BR-16. Oct. 2, 1992: Los Angeles Times, "The Man in the Monkey Cage" in "Comment on the World"; By Roger Shattuck.
• BR-17. Oct. 4, 1992: St. Louis Post Dispatch, "The Pygmies in the Park" Section C pages 1 & 14; feature article, 5 photos; related article: "African Pygmies: Nomadic Hunters" By Harper Barnes.
• BR-18. Oct. 11, 1992: Detroit Free Press, "Trapped in a Human Jungle", photo; By Vita Gasaway.
• BR-19. Oct. 15, 1992: Seattle Times, "A Life On Display: The Forest People Use Size to Advantage"; By Harper Barnes.
• BR-20. Oct. 18, 1992: The Indianapolis Star, "Pygmy's story explores racism", photo of book cover; By Kim L. Hooper.
• BR-21. Oct. 22, 1992: The Washington Times, (Wash. DC), Section E, pages 1, &2. "The Exploiting of Ota Benga", color headlined feature, 5 photos; By Harper Barnes.
• BR-22. Oct. 24, 1992: The Free Lance Star (Fredericksburg, VA), "Pygmy's 1900s ordeal ended at Va. haven.", pages B1 & B2, photo; By Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-23. Fall, 1992: Columbia University Magazine, "Cultural Bars", photo; By Rex Roberts.
• BR-24. Nov. 1, 1992: San Francisco Examiner and Chronicle, "The Man in a Cage", photo; By Brian St. Pierre.
• BR-25. Nov. 4, 1992: Chicago Tribune, : "The Edwardian era as viewed by an unlikely pair", book review; By Peter Gorner.
• BR-26. Nov. 4, 1992: Arlington Journal (Springfield, VA - DC area) "Book chronicles pygmy's tortuous trail to Virginia", by Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-27. Nov. 6, 1992: Isthmus (Madison, WI), book review, By Raphael Kadushin.
• BR-28. Nov. 9, 1992: Associated Press, AAA Wire By Anne Gearan.
• BR-29. Nov. 8, 1992: Dallas Morning News, "Books in Brief" By Bob Trimble.
• BR-30. Nov. 10, 1992: Inland Valley Daily Bulletin (Ontario, CA) "Book tells tale of African pygmy 'specimen' " By Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-31. Nov. 12, 1992: Carolinian (Raleigh, NC), "Congolese Pygmy Displayed", from Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-32. Nov. 14, 1992: News-Sentinel (Ft. Wayne, IN) " 'Missing link' recollections poignant today", book review; By Peter Gorner (Chicago Trib.).
• BR-33. Nov. 15, 1992: Register, (Sandusky, Ohio) "New book chronicles sad journey of pygmy", photo.
• BR-34. Nov. 15, 1992: Register-Guard (Eugene, OR), "Book chronicles strange journey"; By Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-35. Nov. 16, 1992: Day (New London, CT), "Tale of exploited pygmy told in grand style", book review; By Peter Gorner (Chicago Trib.).
• BR-36. Nov. 18, 1992: Times (Erie, PA), "A bullet ended Ota Benga's trek through age of discovery, racism", photo; By Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-37. Nov. 21, 1992: Gazette (Delaware, Ohio), "Book tells sad tale of pygmy displayed as a 'specimen' ", photo; from Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-38. Nov. 22, 1992: Freeman (Kingston, NY), "Book recounts tale of African displayed as Darwinian 'specimen' "; By Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-39. Nov. 22, 1992: Journal (Martinsburg, WV), "From the Congo to Lynchburg, VA: The long sad story of Ota Benga", photo; By Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-40. Nov. 23, 1992: The New Yorker, "Books Briefly Noted".
• BR-41. Nov. 23, 1992: News (Salem, MA), "Book recalls shameful episode of 1904 World's Fair"; from Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-42. Nov. 26, 1992: Register-Pajaronian (Watsonville, CA), "African pygmy's story - a chronicle of U.S. racism", photo: By Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-43. Nov. 26, 1992: Register-Star (Rockford, IL), "Out of Africa and into a nightmare", photo; By Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-44. Nov. 29, 1992: Tribune (Sparks, NV), "Pushing forward Darwinism"; By Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-45. Nov. 29, 1992: Sun-Journal (New Bern, NC), "Locked in a cage, far from his home", photo; By Anne Gearan (AP).
• BR-46. Dec. 6, 1992: New York Times Book Review, listing among "Notable Books of the Year 1992".
• BR-47. Dec. 20, 1992: Seattle Times/Post Intelligencer, book review By John C. Waller.
• BR-48. Jan. 1, 1993: Science (AAAS Weekly Journal), "Human Curiosity", Volume 259, No. 5091, page 108-109, with 2 photos. By Prof. Robert W. Rydell, Dept. of History, Montana State Univ., Bozeman.
• BR-49. Jan. 10, 1993: Rocky Mountain News, Denver, pages 112- 114, "Setting the Record Straight", 2 photos; By Margaret Carlin.
• BR-50. Jan. 8-14, 1993: Denver Business Journal, "Secret Lives of Denver Professionals", pages 3,& 20, photo; By L. Wayne Hicks.
• BR-51. Feb. 7, 1993: Roanoke Times & World News, Extra Section, pages 1 & 3. "The Man They Put in the Zoo", color feature with 6 photos, including one of Chauncey Spencer in his Lynchburg home; By Mike Hudson.
• BR-52. Oct.31, 1993: Herald Sun (Melbourne, Australia), "Pygmy in Ape House", feature with photo.
• BR-53. Nov. 13, 1993: The Examiner (Hobart, Tasmania), "Racism at its worst kept man in zoo", photo of book cover - Bookman Press, Australian Edition); By Brendon Bowes.